Registrations open for the CRG Rental Kart World Contest
Registrations open for the CRG Rental Kart World Contest

Registrations open for the CRG Rental...

Registrations open for the CRG Rental Kart World Contest

Registrations open for the CRG Rental Kart World Contest

In just over 10 days, many rental kart drivers have already registered for the Sprint Cup and several teams have signed up for the Endurance Cup, the two main events of the Rental Kart World Contest...
Registration now open for  30th annual Xtream Rock Island Grand Prix
Registration now open for  30th annual Xtream Rock Island Grand Prix

Registration now open for 30th annual...

Registration now open for 30th annual Xtream Rock Island Grand Prix

Registration now open for 30th annual Xtream Rock Island Grand Prix

Registration is now open for the 30th annual The Xtream Rock Island Grand Prix, the world’s largest and most prestigious karting street race. This year’s race is August 30-31, 2025 and...
ROK Cup Italy, Round 5 – The race report
ROK Cup Italy, Round 5 – The race report

ROK Cup Italy, Round 5 – The race report

ROK Cup Italy, Round 5 – The race report

ROK Cup Italy, Round 5 – The race report

One month after Jesolo, the ROK Cup Italy is back on track for the fifth round of the season, on the occasion of the "night event" in Lonato del Garda. In total, 262 drivers livened up the...
A brilliant start to the International season for Modena Kart
A brilliant start to the International season for Modena Kart

A brilliant start to the International...

A brilliant start to the International season for Modena Kart

A brilliant start to the International season for Modena Kart

Drivers in the colours of the Modena Kart team have become regulars on the podiums of the biggest events since the start of 2025, in the WSK Promotion series as well as the ACI Karting Italian...
Carr drives towards glory as KZ King equals record
Carr drives towards glory as KZ King equals record

Carr drives towards glory as KZ King...

Carr drives towards glory as KZ King equals record

Carr drives towards glory as KZ King equals record

Liam Carr is knocking on the door of a maiden KA2 Junior SP Tools Australian Kart Championship after an immaculate weekend in Newcastle, while double KZ2 Champion, Troy Loeskow, recorded a...
A helmet for Gabin – Team WRT’S ‘ACO Challenge 2025’ initiative
A helmet for Gabin – Team WRT’S ‘ACO Challenge 2025’ initiative

A helmet for Gabin – Team WRT’S ‘ACO...

A helmet for Gabin – Team WRT’S ‘ACO Challenge 2025’ initiative

A helmet for Gabin – Team WRT’S ‘ACO Challenge 2025’ initiative

As part of their 2025 ‘ACO Challenge’, Team WRT continues its commitment to meaningful, human-driven initiatives. After winning the 2024 ACO ‘Coup de Cœur’ Award for its...
Preston and Burke win at Australian Kart Championship round two
Preston and Burke win at Australian Kart Championship round two

Preston and Burke win at Australian Kart...

Preston and Burke win at Australian Kart Championship round two

Preston and Burke win at Australian Kart Championship round two

Jac Preston has taken his first ever SP Tools Australian Kart Championship round win in KZ2 at Murray Bridge, South Australia, while Ky Burke broached the top step of the podium in KA2 for the first...
Race Report: The ROK Cup Italy with Round 2 held at the 7 Laghi Kart in Castelletto di Branduzzo
Race Report: The ROK Cup Italy with Round 2 held at the 7 Laghi Kart in Castelletto di Branduzzo

Race Report: The ROK Cup Italy with...

Race Report: The ROK Cup Italy with Round 2 held at the 7 Laghi Kart in Castelletto di Branduzzo

Race Report: The ROK Cup Italy with Round 2 held at the 7 Laghi Kart in Castelletto di Branduzzo

The ROK Cup Italy continues its seasonal journey with the second round held at the 7 Laghi Kart in Castelletto di Branduzzo (PV). Almost 200 are the attendants in the seven categories competing, in a...
IPK strengthens its presence in International Competition
IPK strengthens its presence in International Competition

IPK strengthens its presence in...

IPK strengthens its presence in International Competition

IPK strengthens its presence in International Competition

Since its creation in 2010, the IPK factory has rapidly established itself as one of the leading companies in the global karting market, thanks to its innovative technology and the quality of the...
Breakthrough win for Cooper Folley as Italian flies in Melbourne
Breakthrough win for Cooper Folley as Italian flies in Melbourne

Breakthrough win for Cooper Folley as...

Breakthrough win for Cooper Folley as Italian flies in Melbourne

Breakthrough win for Cooper Folley as Italian flies in Melbourne

Young Queenslander, Cooper Folley has stunned the field in his first KA2 Junior round at the opening SP Tools Australian Kart Championship, presented by Castrol event sweeping to the win at the...
Kalì Kart on top in the Margutti Trophy
Kalì Kart on top in the Margutti Trophy

Kalì Kart on top in the Margutti Trophy

Kalì Kart on top in the Margutti Trophy

Kalì Kart on top in the Margutti Trophy

Great weekend for Kalì Kart colours at the 36th Margutti Trophy that took place this weekend in Lonato. In the OK Junior category, Ilia Berezkin dominated the OK Junior by winning all 3 qualifying...
Italian Champion to line up in Australian Kart Championship opener
Italian Champion to line up in Australian Kart Championship opener

Italian Champion to line up in...

Italian Champion to line up in Australian Kart Championship opener

Italian Champion to line up in Australian Kart Championship opener

Italian Champion Moritz Ebner is set to make his Australian debut at the opening round of the 2025 SP Tools Australian Kart Championship presented by Castrol in Melbourne next weekend (March 28-30).
Stars of Karting take centre stage in Melbourne
Stars of Karting take centre stage in Melbourne

Stars of Karting take centre stage in...

Stars of Karting take centre stage in Melbourne

Stars of Karting take centre stage in Melbourne

Melbourne’s Grand Prix week started off with a bang with the Stars of Karting Event at Port Melbourne’s Todd Road facility on Monday. The short and sharp format saw qualifying followed up...
Prokart Challenge opens 2025 with double round weekend at K1 Circuit
Prokart Challenge opens 2025 with double round weekend at K1 Circuit

Prokart Challenge opens 2025 with double...

Prokart Challenge opens 2025 with double round weekend at K1 Circuit

Prokart Challenge opens 2025 with double round weekend at K1 Circuit

The first event of the 2025 ProKart Challenge program was held on the February 28-March 2 weekend at the new K1 Circuit. The Winchester, California facility welcomed the Superkarts! USA regional...
Kennedy and Campbell announced for 2025 FIA Karting Academy Trophy
Kennedy and Campbell announced for 2025 FIA Karting Academy Trophy

Kennedy and Campbell announced for 2025...

Kennedy and Campbell announced for 2025 FIA Karting Academy Trophy

Kennedy and Campbell announced for 2025 FIA Karting Academy Trophy

Karting Australia is proud to announce that Annabel Kennedy (Brisbane, QLD) and Hamish Campbell (Gold Coast, QLD) have been selected to represent the nation in the 2025 FIA Karting Academy Trophy...
WKA Realigns National Road Racing Schedules for 2025 and 2026
WKA Realigns National Road Racing Schedules for 2025 and 2026

WKA Realigns National Road Racing...

WKA Realigns National Road Racing Schedules for 2025 and 2026

WKA Realigns National Road Racing Schedules for 2025 and 2026

With a very busy Road Racing Calendar and events so close to each other throughout the year, racers have expressed their concerns that some events are simply not feasible to attend.  Responding...
2025 Rotax National Cup heads to Albury Wodonga
2025 Rotax National Cup heads to Albury Wodonga

2025 Rotax National Cup heads to Albury...

2025 Rotax National Cup heads to Albury Wodonga

2025 Rotax National Cup heads to Albury Wodonga

Karting Australia can confirm that the 2025 Rotax National Cup will be hosted at Albury Wodonga Kart Racing Club on September 13-14.
Stars of Karting to kick off Formula 1 race week in Melbourne
Stars of Karting to kick off Formula 1 race week in Melbourne

Stars of Karting to kick off Formula 1...

Stars of Karting to kick off Formula 1 race week in Melbourne

Stars of Karting to kick off Formula 1 race week in Melbourne

More than 100 of Australia’s top kart racers will take centre stage at the Go-Kart Club of Victoria on Monday, March 10, as the Stars of Karting event launches "Race Week" for the...
2025 Superkarts! USA Pro Tour on the horizon
2025 Superkarts! USA Pro Tour on the horizon

2025 Superkarts! USA Pro Tour on the...

2025 Superkarts! USA Pro Tour on the horizon

2025 Superkarts! USA Pro Tour on the horizon

Fresh off a record setting campaign in Florida, the Superkarts! USA organization is turning its focus on the 2025 SKUSA Pro Tour. Set for its 16th straight season, the championship will again be...
Rock Island Grand Prix: Come for the races, stay for the party!
Rock Island Grand Prix: Come for the races, stay for the party!

Rock Island Grand Prix: Come for the...

Rock Island Grand Prix: Come for the races, stay for the party!

Rock Island Grand Prix: Come for the races, stay for the party!

Back in 1978, The Blues Brothers took the world by storm with a skit on Saturday Night Live. A movie followed in 1980, then a sequel and some albums as Dan Aykroyd (Elwood) and John Belushi (Joliet...

Tony Kart Racing Team on the occasion of the last round of the Champions of the Future

Tony Kart Racing Team on the occasion of the last round of the Champions of the Future Read more

On the occasion of the last round of the Champions of the Future, theTony Kart Racing Team drivers were testing the Kartodromo Internacional do Algarve. With the races valid for the Champions of the Future going on stage this weekend

Champions of the Future: James Wharton among the best at Portimao

Champions of the Future: James Wharton among the best at Portimao Read more

Between the two events of the 2020 Champions of the Future series held three months apart, James Wharton's progress has been spectacular. In the south of Portugal, the Australian hopeful showed he was capable of competing with the best in the difficult OK category

Strong performances in OK and a podium in Junior before the World Championships

Strong performances in OK and a podium in Junior before the World Championships Read more

A week before the World Championship, the second event in the Champions of the Future series was set to be a dress rehearsal on the Kartodromo do Algarve in Portimao.

Duffy Trophy Awarded to 2020 IKF Sprint GrandNationals Winners

Duffy Trophy Awarded to 2020 IKF Sprint GrandNationals Winners Read more

The International Kart Federation (IKF) held the Sprint GrandNationals presented by RLV for the 2020 season at the Santa Maria Karting Association (SMKA) facility on October 23-25.

Kosmic Kart Racing Department preparing to get back on track for the last round of the Champions of the Future

Kosmic Kart Racing Department preparing to get back on track for the last round of the Champions of the Future Read more

Less than two weeks before the World Championship, the Kosmic Kart Racing Department is getting ready for the Champions of the Future. After more than one-month break, the Kosmic Kart Racing Department is preparing to get back on track, this time for the last round of the Champions Of The Future, starting this weekend

Tony Kart Racing Team ready for the last round of the Champions of the Future

Tony Kart Racing Team ready for the last round of the Champions of the Future Read more

The OK and OK Junior categories get back on track in Portimao where the FIA Karting World Championship is taking place in less than two weeks.

CRG and former F1 driver Narain Karthikeyan launch a Karting Academy in India

CRG and former F1 driver Narain Karthikeyan launch a Karting Academy in India Read more

The former F1 driver Narain Karthikeyan will be the promoter of a project in partnership with CRG to promote Karting in India. The academy, that had groomed several young drivers between 2006 and 2010 and won multiple National single-seater championships, now aims to promote karting in India.

Sunday Livestream: British Kart Championship Finals at PFi Karting track

Sunday Livestream: British Kart Championship Finals at PFi Karting track Read more

The British Kart Championship returns this weekend for the final instalment of the IAME, TKM and Bambino championships at the world-renowned PFi Karting track. Over 180 drivers will descend on the Grantham-based venue to fight for seven coveted 2020 British Kart Championship titles.

Livestream: British Kart Championship Finals at PFi Karting track

Livestream: British Kart Championship Finals at PFi Karting track Read more

The British Kart Championship returns this weekend for the final instalment of the IAME, TKM and Bambino championships at the world-renowned PFi Karting track. Over 180 drivers will descend on the Grantham-based venue to fight for seven coveted 2020 British Kart Championship titles.

Oops!!!! Kart racer slides and crashes into a wall of a house

Oops!!!! Kart racer slides and crashes into a wall of a house Read more

This moment is epic. Too much power…. The kart racer slides and crashes into a wall of a house.

Kart CRG: BAC-PKI (Pro) and the Allianz Team (Silver) are the winners of the Adria 24 Hours Karting Race

Kart CRG: BAC-PKI (Pro) and the Allianz Team (Silver) are the winners of the Adria 24 Hours Karting Race Read more

It's been a great edition of the 24 Hours Karting of Italy on the Adria Raceway happened on October 17th and 18th. Despite the Covid restrictions that didn't allow the foreign teams to travel to Italy, 29 teams took part in the competition putting on an exceptional show. 

Lady champions. Cardinali and the Bàbickovà the best

Lady champions. Cardinali and the Bàbickovà the best Read more

The Rok Cup Superfinal has always had great female protagonists. Girls were able to give their opponents a lot of trouble. In this edition run on the Franciacorta Kart Track, the strongest Rokkers raced together in the Super Rok, with Gaia Cardinali in the Junior Rok, Natalia Balbo in the Shifter and the Bàbickovà sisters in the Senior.

Former karting driver Johnathan Hoggard shines in prize Formula 1 test

Former karting driver Johnathan Hoggard shines in prize Formula 1 test Read more

British Young talent and former kartdriver Johnathan Hoggard made a big impression on his first test in an Aston Martin Red Bull Racing Formula 1 car on Tuesday (20 October) – part of his prize for winning the Aston Martin Autosport BRDC Young Driver of the Year Award.

18TH ROK Cup Superfinal. The innovatory edition is a great success

18TH ROK Cup Superfinal. The innovatory edition is a great success Read more

This was really an unforgettable event, despite the particular conditions it took place in. The 2020 Rok Cup Superfinal was not stopped by the health emergency and discovered a new and interesting location, the Franciacorta Karting Track. The brand-new circuit was the stage of an unforgettable weekend, where Rokkers coming from 30 different Countries challenged each other, as always, in a unique event. The outcome of the track gave us two confirmations, Marco Chiari (Expert Plus Rok) and Alex Machado (AND- Super Rok) and five new names: Jan Przyrowski (POL - Mini Rok), Riccardo Ianniello (ITA – Junior Rok), Aleksander Bardas (POL – Senior Rok), Renato Jader-David (USA– Expert Rok), and Alessandro Buran (ITA – Shifter Rok).

TaG 125 and TaG 125 Restricted parity weight adjustment

TaG 125 and TaG 125 Restricted parity weight adjustment Read more

During the past 12 months, there has been significant discussion from the karting industry and some competitors regarding the parity between engines in the TaG 125 and TaG 125 Restricted Classes. The data obtained from the recently introduced electronic Scrutineering Records, when matched with the official results from official timing system have provided Karting Australia with the ability to better assess the parity within these Classes.

Italian F.4 Championship powered by Abarth Monza race 3: Stratospheric Delli Guanti

Italian F.4 Championship powered by Abarth Monza race 3: Stratospheric Delli Guanti Read more

The BVM Technorace driver wins his first race in F4 with a crazy tenacity and a smoking engine at the last corner and emotions throughout the race.

Monza race 2: Pizzi wins again at Temple of Speed

Monza race 2: Pizzi wins again at Temple of Speed Read more

The Italian of Van Amersfoort Racing at Monza is still the fastest and continues his recovery in the general classification against the leader Minì, second in race 2. Technical problems stop from the start the poleman Andrea Rosso.

2020 British Kart Championships Event 7 Rotax Round 3 and Micro Max: LIVE from Clay Pigeon

2020 British Kart Championships Event 7 Rotax Round 3 and Micro Max: LIVE from Clay Pigeon Read more

Welcome to the 2020 British Kart Championships brought to you by Motorsport UK and Demon Tweeks Clay Pigeon Raceway is a popular venue that has remained largely unchanged over the past two decades, so competitors will be racing on the same layout that Jenson Button and Lewis Hamilton cut their teeth on.

The 7 Super Champions of the ROK Cup Superfinal 2020

The 7 Super Champions of the ROK Cup Superfinal 2020 Read more

The 2020 Rok Cup Super Champions fought hard with top-level opponents to conquer their respective titles and under the checkered flag, the titles went to: Jan Przyrowski (POL - Mini Rok), Riccardo Ianniello (ITA – Junior Rok), Aleksander Bardas (ITA – Senior Rok), Renato Jader-David (USA– Expert Rok), Marco Chiari (Expert Plus Rok), Alex Machado (AND- Super Rok) and Alessandro Buran (ITA – Shifter Rok)

Italian F.4 Monza, penalty for Gabriele Minì, Francesco Pizzi wins

Italian F.4 Monza, penalty for Gabriele Minì, Francesco Pizzi wins Read more

The sub-judicial ranking is not confirmed and Minì is penalized for the overtaking on Pizzi in the parabolic with crossing the line that delimits track limit.

First1718192022242526Last
Surprises at the DKM in Wackersdorf
Bas Kaligis
/ Categories: DKM

Surprises at the DKM in Wackersdorf

The next event of the German Kart Championship took place last weekend in Wackersdorf (Upper Palatine). 185 participants from all over the world started at the next ranked races and there were several surprises. The weather caused lots of excitement again.

Four weeks after the season kick-off of the German Kart Championship in Lonato (Italy), the next event took place in Wackersdorf. The Prokart Raceland provided a strong location for the next ranked races of the highest German kart racing series again. With 185 drivers from more than 25 nations, the fields of the five-grade series DKM, DJKM, DSKM, DSKC and DEKM were greatly manned.

The weather posed a special challenge again. During the course of Saturday, it changed from sunshine to clouds and heavy rain. That made the choice of tires very difficult and caused several surprises in the championships. On Sunday evening, the victories went to Hugo Sasse, Lorenzo Travisanutto (both DKM), Robert De Haan (DJKM), Ricardo Longhi, Stan Pex (both DSKM) and Senna Van Walstijn (DSKC).

 

Wlömer and Chen Han win kick-off of the German Electric Kart Championship

The German Electric Kart Championship had its season kick-off. Twelve drivers started at the globally unique kart racing series. On Saturday and Sunday, qualifying, pre-final and final were on the program. The winners of the two racing days were Luca Wlömer (Berlin/GER) and Lin Chen Han (Taoyuan/TWN).

DKM: Kart Republic successful with Hugo Sasse and Lorenzo Travisanutto

German Hugo Sasse (TB Racing Team) dominated things at the German Kart Championship on Saturday. With pole position and a victory at the heats, he started into the finals as a big favourite. During the first race, the protégé of the ADAC Sports Foundation set the pace at the front of the field and celebrated his first victory of the year. Behind him, Lorenzo Travisanutto (CV Performance Group) fought his way forward from the field of pursuers to second place. Behind the reigning World Champion, Miklas Basil Born (Innovate Competition), Aleksey Sizov (TB Racing Team) and Nico Hantke (3G Racing) completed the top five positions.

During a turbulent starting phase of the afternoon race, reigning Vice Champion Sasse missed out on the double victory. Due to technical difficulties, the German temporarily fell back to midfield and finally came in eleventh.  At the front of the field, Travisanutto showed a spotlessly clean performance and achieved his second victory of the season after Lonato. His pursuers Alexander Tauscher (Junior TEAM75) and Felix Arnold (TB Racing Team) stayed in his wind shadow the entire race but weren’t able to attack. On the last cup ranks followed Bastian Buus (RS Competition) and Sizov on fourth and fifth places. Ben Dörr (TB Racing Team) showed a strong catching-up race – after a falling out at the first race, he drove forward from the end of the field to seventh place. Winner Travisanutto was content with his debut in Wackersdorf: „With this victory, we were able to strengthen our lead in the championship. We worked a lot these past few days. It was the first race on this track for me. But I really like it, it’s technically challenging and you have to achieve a good rhythm to be fast.”

Championship ranking DKM after 4 of 10 races:
1. Lorenzo Travisanutto (111 points)
2. Hugo Sasse (87 points)
3. Kas Haverkort (72 points)
4. Aleksey Sizov (56 points)
5. Alexander Tauscher (44 points)

 

DJKM: Robert De Haan dominates races

Neo Ringdahl (Bamberger Kartracing) achieved pole position at the juniors on the wet track. During the heats, the Swede wasn’t able to defend his position though and passed the lead on to overall leading driver Robert De Haan (Energy Corse). The Dutchman won both heats and was unstoppable during the final races on Sunday as well. He dominated both races and strengthened his leading position in the championship. “I achieved a good lead both times and managed to keep it. I’ve now strengthened my lead in the championship and am going to stay focused”, the Dutchman commented on his success.

Things on the further positions were varied. The youngsters showed exciting duels and switched positions numerous times during the course of the race. At the first final race, Luca Leistra (RS Schumacher Racing Team) led the field in front of Levente Revesz (KR Motorsport), Enzo Riccardo Scionti (WARD Racing) and German Jakob Bergmeister (Millenium Racing Team). The balance of power was similar during the second final race. This time, Hungarian Revesz ended up in second place. Leistra came in third, followed by Bergmeister and Mathias Bjerre Jakobsen (TK Racing).

Championship ranking DJKM after 4 of 10 races:
1. Robert De Haan (119 points)
2. Luca Leistra (80 points)
3. Jakob Bergmeister (64 points)
4. Levente Revesz (56 points)
5. Enzo Riccardo Scionti (56 points)

 

DSKM: Riccardo Longhi and Stan Pex win

The 35 drivers of the German Shifterkart Championship showed world-class performances during the races again. Benjamin Tornqvist Persson (CRG Holland) highlighted his love of wet track conditions once again – with a victory and a second place at the heats, he took the lead on Saturday evening. There was a change in the balance of power on the dry track during the final races though. Riccardo Longhi (BirelART Racing KSW) won the start and kept his top position until the end of the race. Behind him followed reigning champion Fabian Federer (SRP Racing Team) on second place. There was a close fight for the last place on the podium: At the end of the race, Emilien Denner (CPB Sport) prevailed over Stan Pex (SP MotorSport) and Tornqvist Persson.

There were several changes regarding the leading position during the second final race. From sixth starting position, Jeremy Iglesias (RS Schumacher Racing Team) raced to the front but wasn’t able to defend the top position until the end. Stan Pex fought his way forward towards the middle of the race and defended his position against Federer until the end of the race. Regarding third place, Longhi managed another manoeuvre against Jorrit Pex (SP MotorSport) and the temporary leader Iglesias in the end. At the finish line, winner Stan Pex was really happy about his success: “I took the lead early on and then tried to stay calm. It’s really great to have won.”

Championship ranking DSKM after 4 of 10 races:
1. Fabian Federer (114 points)
2. Stan Pex (86 points)
3. Jeremy Iglesias (69 points)
4. Riccardo Longhi (66 points)
5. Emilien Denner (62 points)

 

DSKC: First season victory for rookie Senna Van Walstijn

48 participants made a full field at the DMSB Shifterkart Cup again and there were several surprises during the course of the three racing days. During qualifying and the heats, Rafael Villagomez (BirelART Racing KSW) from Mexico dominated the events and led the interim standings. But during the course of the pre-finals, he made way for his teammates Valentino Fritsch and Robert Kindervater. The two BirelART drivers each won a race and thereby started into the final from the first starting row. The three leading drivers of the championship had to deal with a setback. Tim Tröger (Mach1 Motorsport), Jeroen Bos (CRG Holland) and Davids Trefilovs (SRP Racing Team) had to drop out and thereby missed entering the final.

In the race over 21 laps, local driver Fritsch achieved a perfect start. He drove away from his pursuers in the beginning and seemed to be on the way to his first victory. From behind, Senna Van Walstijn (SP MotorSport) raced to the front though. Shortly before the end, the Dutchman drove past the leading driver and celebrated his first DSKC-victory. “In the beginning, the race was really exhausting. I had to close a huge gap, but now I’m very happy to have won my first race as a rookie“, he summed things up in his winner’s interview. Behind him, there were several changes due to subsequent penalties. In the end, Konstantin Kapetanidis (Valier Motorsport) came in second in front of Fritsch, Valdemar Risom (RS Competition) and Jan Bednar (Gregor Kart S.R.O.).

Championship ranking DSKC after 4 of 10 races:
1. Valentino Fritsch (76 points)
2. Valdemar Risom (66 points)
3. Senna Van Walstijn (60 points)
4. Rafael Villagomez (52 points)
5. Konstantin Kapetanidis (50 points)

After the first two events, the German Kart Championship is now going to take a short break. In eight weeks (July 12th-14th), the half-time race is then going to take place on the Erftlandring in Kerpen.

 

Previous Article Birel ART - Pole position and leading performances at Genk
Next Article European podium for Tony Kart Racing Team in Genk in OKJ
Print
11355 Rate this article:
No rating
Please login or register to post comments.